Flora of China describes alfalfa as a perennial herb 30–100 cm tall, with erect or ascending, rarely prostrate stems and trifoliate leaves. Heads or racemes contain 5–30 flowers, with corollas varying from white to deep blue or dark purple. The legume is tightly coiled in 2–4, sometimes up to 6 spirals, and contains 10–20 yellow or brown seeds.
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